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Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health • ICD-10-CM F51.12

Insufficient sleep syndrome

Audited by the DotMD AI Specialist Council • FDA DailyMed SPL: 2026-11-02 • ICD-10-CM F51.12 • 7 Linked .gov / PubMed Citations • Governance: Dr. Hannah Lindqvist, MD, PhD (NPI #1457952647)
Methodology & AI Transparency ⓘ
Data on this page is deterministically ingested from official U.S. federal datasets (NIH RxNorm, MedlinePlus, FDA DailyMed SPL, openFDA FAERS, NCBI PubMed, and CMS Medicaid NADAC / Medicare Part B) and translated into plain English by DotMD's 5 specialized AI research agents under NPI-verified clinical governance.
At a Glance • Plain-English Clinical Summary

Insufficient sleep syndrome Key Takeaways

Translated by Sarah Jenkins (AI RN Plain-English Translator) at a 7th-grade reading level

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What Is Insufficient sleep syndrome?

Physicians managing Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12; Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health) utilize home sleep apnea in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: testing (HSAT) or) and objective Nocturnal Oxygen Saturation in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: (SpO2)) targets (>= 94% nadir > 90% (F51.12)) to prevent progression and functional morbidity.

Pathophysiology, Underlying Causes & Clinical Presentation

In Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12), physiological disruption stems from lateral hypothalamic orexin in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: hyperarousal), informing Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health protocols that track Serum Ferritin (Restless in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: Legs)) (> 75 ng/mL (F51.12)).

Common Symptoms & Clinical Signs

  • • Presentation of Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12): loud habitual snoring, in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: witnessed breathing pauses,)
  • • Secondary Insufficient sleep syndrome clinical sign: daytime microsleeps, cognitive in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: brain fog, or)
  • • Symptom flares in Insufficient sleep syndrome correlating with Nocturnal Oxygen Saturation in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: (SpO2)) deviation outside >= 94% nadir > 90% (F51.12)
  • • Functional sleep disorders impact requiring home sleep apnea in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: testing (HSAT) or) evaluation (F51.12)

Insufficient sleep syndrome Diagnostic Classification & Lab Markers

Metric Verified Benchmark Source
ICD-10-CM Diagnostic Code F51.12 WHO / CMS ICD-10-CM Clinical Classification
Clinical Specialty Hub Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health NLM Clinical Tables
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Nocturnal Oxygen Saturation in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: (SpO2)) >= 94% nadir > 90% (F51.12) Clinical Reference Target Range
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Serum Ferritin (Restless in Insufficient sleep syndrome (F51.12: Legs)) > 75 ng/mL (F51.12) Clinical Reference Target Range
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) [Insufficient sleep syndrome F51.12] < 5 events/hour (F51.12) Clinical Reference Target Range
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FDA-Monographed Medications & Public Cash Price Reference for Insufficient sleep syndrome

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Treatment selection for Insufficient sleep syndrome depends on clinical severity, diagnostic lab results, and medical history. Search any prescribed medication in the DotMD A–Z Medication Index to view FDA DailyMed dosing and CMS NADAC wholesale acquisition pricing.

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Peer-Reviewed Human Clinical Trials & Meta-Analyses (Insufficient sleep syndrome)

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Study & Plain-English Finding Sample (N) Rigor Primary Source
New Insights on Is adenotonsillectomy effective in improving central apnea events in patients: What a 1,287-Participant Study Found

Adenotonsillectomy improves central apnea events in patients with OSA but not in those with comorbidities.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery • 2023-12-15 • Meta-Analysis
N = 1,287 94/100 PMID 37642712 ↗
New Insights on Heart rate variability changes in patients with obstructive sleep: What a 2,565-Participant Study Found

Autonomic function impairment was more serious in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea.

Journal of sleep research • 2023-02-15 • Meta-Analysis
N = 2,565 94/100 PMID 36070876 ↗
Can This Approach Help? Inside the Latest Research on Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient trouble sleeping after

After an abrupt advance in sleep time, tasimelteon improved sleep initiation and maintenance concurrently with a shift in endogenous circadian rhythms.

Lancet (London, England) • 2009-02-07 • Phase III Randomized Trial
N = 103 88/100 PMID 19054552 ↗
Can This Approach Help? Inside the Latest Research on Effect of add-on naldemedine treatment in patients with cancer and opioid-induced

The study suggested the addition of naldemedine as an effective treatment option for opioid-induced constipation in cancer patients insufficiently responding to magnesium oxide treatment.

Japanese journal of clinical oncology • 2025-01-08 • Phase III Randomized Trial
N = 116 88/100 PMID 39354673 ↗
Can This Approach Help? Inside the Latest Research on Benefits and safety of empagliflozin in combination with insulin in Chinese

In Chinese patients with T2D, empagliflozin combined with insulin ± OADs improved glycaemic control and was well tolerated, without an increased risk of hypoglycaemia.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism • 2023-07-15 • Phase III Randomized Trial
N = 73 88/100 PMID 36864540 ↗
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