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Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health • ICD-10-CM F51.9

Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition

Audited by the DotMD AI Specialist Council • FDA DailyMed SPL: 2026-11-02 • ICD-10-CM F51.9 • 7 Linked .gov / PubMed Citations • Governance: Dr. Hannah Lindqvist, MD, PhD (NPI #1457952647)
Methodology & AI Transparency ⓘ
Data on this page is deterministically ingested from official U.S. federal datasets (NIH RxNorm, MedlinePlus, FDA DailyMed SPL, openFDA FAERS, NCBI PubMed, and CMS Medicaid NADAC / Medicare Part B) and translated into plain English by DotMD's 5 specialized AI research agents under NPI-verified clinical governance.
At a Glance • Plain-English Clinical Summary

Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition Key Takeaways

Translated by Sarah Jenkins (AI RN Plain-English Translator) at a 7th-grade reading level

Transparent AI Research Council • Grounded on NIH / FDA / PubMed Data

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What Is Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition?

Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition—coded clinically as F51.9 across Sleep Disorders guidelines—combines iron/thyroid screening [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9] with structured follow-up of Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9] (< 5 events/hour (F51.9)).

Pathophysiology, Underlying Causes & Clinical Presentation

Pathophysiologically, Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (ICD-10 F51.9) is driven by fragmented slow-wave/REM sleep in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9: architecture); specialists in Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health monitor Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9] to gauge tissue recovery.

Common Symptoms & Clinical Signs

  • • Presentation of Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9): daytime microsleeps, cognitive in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9: brain fog, or)
  • • Secondary Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition clinical sign: prolonged sleep-onset latency [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9]
  • • Symptom flares in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition correlating with Serum Ferritin (Restless in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9: Legs)) deviation outside > 75 ng/mL (F51.9)
  • • Functional sleep disorders impact requiring iron/thyroid screening [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9] evaluation (F51.9)

Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition Diagnostic Classification & Lab Markers

Metric Verified Benchmark Source
ICD-10-CM Diagnostic Code F51.9 WHO / CMS ICD-10-CM Clinical Classification
Clinical Specialty Hub Insomnia, Sleep Apnea & Sleep Health NLM Clinical Tables
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Serum Ferritin (Restless in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9: Legs)) > 75 ng/mL (F51.9) Clinical Reference Target Range
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) [Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition F51.9] < 5 events/hour (F51.9) Clinical Reference Target Range
Diagnostic / Lab Marker: Insomnia Severity Index in Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition (F51.9: (ISI)) < 7 (F51.9) Clinical Reference Target Range
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Peer-Reviewed Human Clinical Trials & Meta-Analyses (Sleep disorder not due to a substance or known physiological condition)

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Study & Plain-English Finding Sample (N) Rigor Primary Source
New Insights on Exogenous melatonin on: What a 284-Participant Study Found

Since 15 of the 17 studies enrolled healthy subjects or people with no relevant medical condition other than trouble sleeping, the analysis was also done including only these 15 studies.

Sleep medicine reviews • 2005-02-15 • Meta-Analysis
N = 284 97/100 PMID 15649737 ↗
New Insights on Effect of fezolinetant on sleep disturbance and impairment during treatment of: What a 1,022-Participant Study Found

Fezolinetant had a beneficial effect on four measures of sleep disturbance and impairment following treatment for VMS.

Maturitas • 2024-08-15 • Phase III Randomized Trial
N = 1,022 96/100 PMID 38749864 ↗
New Insights on A network meta-analysis of the long- and short-term efficacy of sleep medicines: What a 25,923-Participant Study Found

ORAs can be widely used in adults and the older adults, and both short-term and long-term use are effective for primary trouble sleeping.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews • 2021-12-15 • Meta-Analysis
N = 25,923 94/100 PMID 34560134 ↗
New Insights on Association between obstructive sleep apnea and male serum: What a 1,823-Participant Study Found

Obstructive sleep apnea is inversely associated with male serum testosterone levels, independent of body mass index and age.

Andrology • 2022-02-15 • Meta-Analysis
N = 1,823 94/100 PMID 34536053 ↗
New Insights on Association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic: What a 2,053-Participant Study Found

Ten studies were included in the analysis which included 2053 patients.

Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale • 2016-10-14 • Meta-Analysis
N = 2,053 94/100 PMID 27805899 ↗
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