The Short Answer
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) becomes an option when conservative care (physical therapy, NSAIDs, weight management) plateaus after 6–12 months AND imaging shows advanced cartilage loss. Pre- and post-operative resistance training improves strength, gait, and balance, with most patients returning to normal activities in 12–16 weeks [1][4].
Surgery is not urgent unless you have severe pain that prevents sleep or basic self-care. Most surgeons recommend trying conservative treatment for at least 6–12 months before scheduling hip replacement. If pain remains ≥ 6/10 despite NSAIDs, PT, and weight management, and your X-ray shows severe cartilage loss (joint-space width < 1.5 mm), surgery becomes reasonable [1][9].
Total hip arthroplasty replaces the damaged ball-and-socket joint with a prosthetic implant (usually metal, ceramic, or plastic). The surgery takes 1–2 hours, and you go home the same day or stay overnight. Pre-operative resistance training (starting 4–6 weeks before surgery) strengthens muscles around the hip, which speeds recovery and improves outcomes [1].
Recovery takes 12–16 weeks. You'll use crutches or a walker for 2–4 weeks, then gradually increase weight-bearing and activity. Post-operative physical therapy is essential: combined pre- and post-operative progressive resistance training improves muscle strength, gait, balance, and function compared to surgery alone [1][4]. Most patients return to walking, swimming, and light activities within 8–12 weeks; full recovery takes 6 months.